American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
ASCII uses 7 bits ==> 128 characters with the 8th bit being either used for a parity check bit or extended ASCII, ranges from 0000000- 1111111.
Important Ranges:
- Characters 0-31 are control characters
- Characters 48-57 are the numbers 0 to 9
- Characters 65-90 are the letters A to Z
- Characters 97-122 are the letters a to z