Empiricism

Empiricism is the idea that all knowledge comes from experience. The mind begins as a “blank slate” and the world writes on it.

Paired against Nativism, which says some cognitive abilities are built in from birth. The empiricism vs. nativism debate still shows up in modern psychology, especially in language and development.

I guess this goes a little against religion? You just need to believe what your friends are telling you, as in Islam.