Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)

Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a method of reducing the average power delivered by an electrical signal by chopping it into discrete parts.

Motor speed controller tutorial - PWM how to build - YouTube by Engineering Mindset

How are motor controllers / arduino boards able to generate these?

Do they also just boil down to Logic Gates at the end of the date, implemented through Transistors?

• Seems like so, yup!!